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Yttrium oxide ceramic powder (Y₂O₃) Coating Powder Application

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Yttrium oxide ceramic powder (Y₂O₃) Yttrium oxide Y₂O₃

Coating function

Powder application

Yttrium oxide ceramic powder (Y₂O₃) is a high-performance ceramic spray coating material that exhibits irreplaceable advantages in high temperature, corrosion, and special functional fields due to its unique physical and chemical properties. It is a key material for surface protection and functional realization under extreme working conditions.

1、 Analysis of Core Performance Parameters

Coating hardness: 350-450 HV0.3. Although the hardness level is lower than that of chromium oxide based composite coatings, they can maintain stable mechanical properties in high-temperature environments, avoid structural failure caused by high-temperature softening, and meet the basic load-bearing and wear resistance requirements under high-temperature conditions.

Applicable temperature:<1550-2000 ℃. It has excellent high temperature resistance, far exceeding conventional metal coatings and most ceramic coatings (such as chromium oxide coatings, which are typically suitable for temperatures<500 ℃), and can serve for a long time in ultra-high temperature environments without undergoing phase transformation, melting, or severe performance degradation.

Sedimentation rate: 43% -45%. During the thermal spraying process, it has stable film-forming efficiency and can form a continuous and uniform coating on the substrate surface through reasonable process parameter control, reducing material waste and ensuring consistent coating quality.

2、 Key performance and functional advantages of coatings

(1) High purity and high-density structural foundation

The coating produced has high purity, high density characteristics, and a uniform and smooth surface. High purity means that the impurity content in the coating is extremely low, which can avoid grain boundary corrosion or performance degradation caused by impurities at high temperatures; High density structure reduces pores and defects, providing structural guarantee for the high temperature and corrosion resistance of the coating. At the same time, a smooth surface can reduce the probability of adhesion and penetration of corrosive media at high temperatures.

(2) Extreme high temperature resistance and thermal stability

One of its core advantages is that the coating maintains stable performance in the ultra-high temperature range of<1550-2000 ℃. At such high temperatures, the coating neither undergoes melting softening nor peels off from the substrate due to sudden changes in thermal expansion coefficient, and can withstand long-term high-temperature thermal cycling impacts. This characteristic makes it applicable for surface protection of extreme high temperature equipment such as aerospace engine combustion chambers and industrial ultra-high temperature kiln linings.

(3) Excellent electrical insulation performance

Yttrium oxide ceramics themselves are excellent electrical insulators, and coatings inherit this characteristic, maintaining stable electrical insulation effects even in high temperature environments. This feature allows it to be used on the surface of insulation components in high-temperature electrical components and plasma equipment, avoiding short circuits or functional failures caused by insulation failure at high temperatures.

(4) High temperature chemical stability and corrosion resistance

Coatings have strong chemical stability at high temperatures and can resist the erosion of various corrosive gases such as oxidizing atmospheres, sulfide gases, halogen gases, etc. In corrosive gas environments, coatings will not undergo chemical reactions with gases, nor will they cause structural damage due to gas permeation, and can maintain surface integrity for a long time. For example, in chemical high-temperature reactors, it can effectively resist the corrosion of reaction gases on equipment substrates.

(5) Anti plasma etching and erosion performance

The coating exhibits excellent etching resistance in plasma environments. In plasma etching equipment, nuclear fusion devices, and other scenarios, coatings can resist high-energy plasma sputtering and etching on the surface, reduce material loss, and extend the maintenance cycle of the equipment.

(6) Resist erosion from active molten metal

The coating can resist the erosion of many active molten metals (such as low melting point active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, etc.). In metal smelting and casting equipment, when molten metal comes into contact with the coating surface, the coating will not undergo melting adhesion or chemical reaction, which can effectively protect the equipment surface from corrosion and erosion by molten metal.

3、 Composition characteristics and performance support

Yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃), as a rare earth oxide ceramic, its unique crystal structure and chemical stability are the core support for coating performance:

From a chemical perspective, Y₂O₃ has extremely strong bond energy, is not easily decomposed at high temperatures, and exhibits inertness towards most chemical substances, making it difficult to undergo oxidation, reduction, or acid-base reactions;

From a physical perspective, it has a high melting point (about 2410 ℃), low vapor pressure, and stable coefficient of thermal expansion, which together endow the coating with ultra-high temperature stability and structural integrity.

Yttrium oxide ceramic powder (Y₂O₃) has shown irreplaceable application value in high-end industrial fields such as semiconductors, new energy, precision manufacturing, etc. due to its high purity, excellent chemical inertness, high temperature resistance, plasma corrosion resistance, and good insulation properties. It has become a key material for component protection and functional realization under special working conditions.

Semiconductor and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Industry: Core Component Protection

In the manufacturing process of semiconductors and LCDs, processes such as plasma etching and thin film deposition require extremely high purity, corrosion resistance, and stability of equipment components. The coating or component made of yttria ceramic powder can accurately meet this requirement: its ultra-high purity (up to 99.9% or more) can avoid impurity ion contamination of wafers or LCD substrates, ensuring the manufacturing accuracy of chips and display panels; Facing the continuous erosion of high-frequency plasmas (such as fluorine based and chlorine based plasmas), Y₂O₃ has extremely strong resistance to plasma corrosion, far superior to traditional ceramic materials such as alumina. It can effectively protect core components such as etching chambers, nozzles, and substrates, reduce particle pollution caused by corrosion, extend equipment maintenance cycles, and improve the yield of semiconductor chips and LCD panels. In addition, its good insulation can prevent the accumulation of surface charges on components and prevent static electricity from damaging precision electronic components.

Electrostatic Chuck and Vacuum Chamber Wall: Stable Operation Guarantee in Vacuum Environment

Electrostatic chuck is the core component for achieving precise wafer fixation in semiconductor wafer processing, which requires stable electrostatic adsorption performance and structural integrity in vacuum, high temperature, and plasma environments. Yttrium oxide ceramic coating, with its uniform and dense structure and stable dielectric properties, can ensure uniform distribution of electric field on the surface of the electrostatic chuck, improving the stability and flatness of wafer adsorption; At the same time, its high temperature resistance (melting point up to 2410 ℃) and resistance to plasma corrosion can maintain surface accuracy in high-temperature processes, avoiding adsorption failure caused by material loss. For the vacuum chamber wall, the chemical inertness of Y₂O₃ can prevent it from reacting with residual gases in a high-temperature vacuum environment, and the dense coating structure can block the penetration of impurities, maintain the cleanliness of the vacuum environment, reduce interference with the process environment, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the vacuum equipment.

Fuel cell field: Corrosion resistance and stable support of key components

The operating environment of fuel cells (such as solid oxide fuel cells) has the characteristics of high temperature and alternating oxidation-reduction, which requires strict requirements for the high-temperature corrosion resistance and structural stability of components. Yttrium oxide ceramic powder can be used as an electrolyte support layer or electrode protective coating for fuel cells: its excellent chemical stability can resist the erosion of high-temperature water vapor and oxidizing gases generated during fuel cell operation, avoiding component oxidation failure; Meanwhile, Y₂O₃ has a certain ion conductivity, which can assist in improving the ion migration efficiency of the electrolyte layer and optimizing battery performance. In addition, its high temperature impact resistance can reduce component cracking caused by sudden temperature changes, extend the service life of fuel cells, and improve operational reliability.

Engine components: wear resistance and protection under high temperature conditions

Some components of engines, especially aerospace engines and internal combustion engines, need to work in extreme environments of high temperature, high pressure, and gas erosion, which can easily lead to performance degradation due to oxidation and wear. Yttrium oxide ceramic coating can be used as a protective layer for engine valves, turbine blades and other components: its high melting point and excellent high-temperature stability maintain hardness and structural integrity in environments above 1000 ℃, resisting oxidation and corrosion of high-temperature gases; At the same time, the wear resistance of the coating can reduce friction losses between components, lower energy losses, and improve engine efficiency. In addition, the low thermal conductivity of Y₂O₃ can reduce heat transfer and protect the engine substrate material from high-temperature damage.

Precision component sintering boat protective layer: quality assurance for high-purity sintering

In the sintering process of high-end products such as precision ceramics and electronic components, the sintering vessel needs to withstand high temperatures and not react with the sintered material to avoid product contamination. The protective layer of the boat made of yttria ceramic powder has extremely high chemical inertness, and does not diffuse or react with the sintered materials such as ceramic bodies and metal powders in high-temperature sintering environments (such as above 1500 ℃), ensuring the purity and compositional stability of the sintered products; Its high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance can reduce the risk of cracking of the boat during repeated temperature rise and fall processes, extend the service life of the boat, and reduce the production cost of precision components.

Special Industry: Functional Adaptation in Extreme Environments

In special industries such as nuclear industry and aerospace, yttrium oxide ceramic powder can be used for insulation components of nuclear reactors and high-temperature protective coatings of spacecraft due to its radiation stability and high temperature and high pressure resistance. For example, in a nuclear radiation environment, Y₂O₃ is less likely to undergo structural changes due to radiation and can maintain stable insulation and protection performance; During the re-entry of spacecraft into the atmosphere, its high-temperature ablation resistance can protect components from erosion by high-temperature airflow and ensure equipment safety.