Chromium carbide (Cr₃C₂) powder, as a high-performance hard ceramic material, exhibits excellent functional value in the fields of wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance due to its unique crystal structure and physical and chemical properties. It has become a key basic material for high-end industrial coatings, composite reinforcement phases, and special component manufacturing.
Ultra high hardness and excellent wear resistance
The core functional advantage of chromium carbide powder lies in its ultra-high hardness, with a microhardness of 1800-2200 HV at room temperature, second only to superhard materials such as diamond and cubic boron nitride. This characteristic stems from its stable covalent crystal structure, with extremely strong interatomic bonding forces, which can effectively resist external loads such as compression and sharp object scratching. Based on this, coatings or composite materials prepared based on chromium carbide powder have excellent wear resistance, and can significantly reduce the wear rate of the material surface under extreme conditions such as dry friction and high load friction. For example, after forming a chromium carbide coating on the metal surface, its wear resistance is 5-10 times that of ordinary quenched steel, which can effectively extend the service life of mechanical components and reduce equipment downtime and maintenance caused by wear.
Excellent high temperature resistance and thermal stability
Chromium carbide powder has a very high melting point (about 1890 ℃) and excellent high-temperature stability. It can maintain stable structure and properties for a long time in environments below 800 ℃, and is not easily softened or decomposed even under short-term high-temperature impact. This feature enables it to adapt to the usage needs under high temperature conditions, such as high-temperature furnace components, engine exhaust system components, etc. At the same time, its low thermal expansion coefficient (about 10.3 × 10 ⁻⁶/℃) can reduce the thermal stress caused by drastic temperature changes, lower the risk of cracking of coatings or composite materials under high-temperature cycling conditions, and ensure the structural integrity and functional reliability of components in high-temperature environments.
Strong corrosion resistance and chemical stability
Chromium carbide powder has excellent chemical inertness and exhibits strong corrosion resistance to most acids (such as non oxidizing acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.), bases, salt solutions, and organic solvents at room temperature and medium high temperature environments. Its dense crystal structure can effectively block the penetration of corrosive media, avoiding oxidation, dissolution, or electrochemical corrosion of the substrate material. Especially in corrosive environments such as humidity, salt spray, or industrial waste gases, chromium carbide coatings can form a reliable protective barrier to protect the metal substrate from corrosion. In addition, in high-temperature oxidation environments, a dense Cr₃C₂ oxide film will form on the surface of chromium carbide, further preventing oxygen from diffusing inward and exerting a self-healing compound antioxidant effect, thereby improving the service life of the material in high-temperature corrosive environments.
Good conductivity and thermal conductivity
Compared to other insulating ceramic materials, chromium carbide powder has certain electrical and thermal conductivity. This characteristic gives it a unique advantage in scenarios that require both wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical/thermal conductivity. For example, in areas such as electrode material surface coatings and high-temperature heating element protective covers, it can ensure the structural strength and wear resistance of components while meeting the transmission needs of electrical signals or heat, expanding its application scope in special industries.
Excellent mechanical compatibility and bonding performance
When chromium carbide powder is coated through processes such as thermal spraying and sintering, it can form a good metallurgical or mechanical bond with metal substrates (such as steel, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, etc.). The coating has high bonding strength (usually up to 50-100 MPa) and is not prone to peeling or delamination. At the same time, its mechanical properties have a certain degree of compatibility with metal materials. By adjusting the coating thickness and process parameters, the interface stress concentration caused by material performance differences can be reduced, ensuring the stability of the coating under dynamic loads such as impact and vibration. It is suitable for component protection in complex working conditions.
Wear-resistant, high hardness, compression-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant.
